“Twenty-five years after its discovery, the universe’s accelerated expansion remains one of the most pressing mysteries in astrophysics,” said Jason Rhodes, a senior research scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, in a statement. The two missions will overlap in their study of cosmic acceleration as they both create three-dimensional maps of the universe. In May 2027, Euclid will be joined in orbit by the Nancy Grace Roman Telescope. Euclid’s ability to see in near-infrared light could also reveal previously unseen objects in our own Milky Way galaxy, such as brown dwarfs and ultra-cool stars. Euclid’s wide perspective can also record data from a part of the sky 100 times bigger than what Webb’s camera can capture.ĭuring its observations, the telescope will create a catalog of 1.5 billion galaxies and the stars within them, creating a treasure trove of data for astronomers that includes each galaxy’s shape, mass and number of stars created per year. The telescope’s image quality will be four times sharper than those of ground-based sky surveys. While primarily an ESA mission, the telescope includes contributions from NASA and more than 2,000 scientists across 13 European countries, the United States, Canada and Japan. The telescope was named in honor of Euclid of Alexandria, the Greek mathematician who lived around 300 BC and is considered the father of geometry. These observations will effectively allow Euclid to see how the universe has evolved over the past 10 billion years. Euclid is designed to create the largest and most accurate three-dimensional map of the universe, observing billions of galaxies that stretch 10 billion light-years away to reveal how matter may have been stretched and pulled apart by dark energy over time.
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